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Type II diabetes
Type II diabetes is a chronic condition that affects metabolism of sugar in the body. The condition makes the body to resist the role of insulin, which controls the level of sugar. The condition also arises when the body cannot produce enough insulin. Type II diabetes is common in adults and requires urgent treatment because it can cause death. The condition is incurable but manageable through proper diet, exercising and insulin therapy (Bernstein, 2011). Molecular and personalized medicine is a paper that is of high demand by the clients.
Among the symptoms of type II diabetes, include thirst and passing urine more frequently. Thirst is caused by excess sugar in the blood, which makes water leave tissues. The frequent intake of water leads to frequent urination. Type II diabetes patients experience hunger because of the deficiency of insulin to supply cells with energy making the muscles weak thereby triggering frequent hunger. The condition is also characterized by weight loss and fatigue because the body cannot metabolize glucose, which means the body uses stored energy in the muscles while excess glucose is excreted through urine. Due to increased sugar in the blood, the lenses lose fluid and the patient experiences blurred vision. Most patients of type II diabetes experience slow healing of sores and dark patches on the skin (Holford, 2011). There are facts available on management of chronic pain for those who are facing the problems.
The cause of type II diabetes is resistance of the body to use insulin and failure of the pancreas to produce enough insulin. However, there is no known reason why the body may resist insulin or the pancreas may produce less insulin. The factors attributed to this malfunctions include excess weight and lack of enough exercise. The pancreas produces insulin and secretes it into the bloodstream where it circulates in the body allowing sugar to enter cells. This lowers the amount of glucose in the blood thus reducing secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Glucose, which is derived from food and stored in the liver, provides body cells with energy for all the functions of muscles and tissues. When the level of insulin is low, especially when one has not taken food for long, the glycogen stored in the liver is broken down into glucose to maintain glucose in the blood at normal levels. Patients of type II diabetes experience improper functions of this process where sugar accumulates in the blood instead of entering the cells (Eichten, 2011).
In order to take care of public health, the risk factors associated with type II diabetes include overweight as the extra fat in the cells increase the resistance to insulin. Fat distribution in the body also contributes to the condition where people with fatty abdomen are at greater risk than those whose body stores fat around thighs and hips. Inactivity also increases the risks of the condition. People who are more physically active are able to control their weight and make their cells respond better to insulin. In addition, an individual is at more risks of type II diabetes if his or her parents or siblings had the condition. Race is also a contributing factor where blacks, American Indians and Asian-Americans are more vulnerable to the condition compared to whites. However, there is no explanation on how race contributes as a risk factor for type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is common among people aged above 45 years because they are less physically active, which results to weight gain. However, the condition is getting common among children and young adults. People with prediabetes condition, which is characterized by high level of glucose in the blood but not to an extent of being regarded as diabetic, are at higher risk of experiencing type II diabetes if they are not treated. Expectant mothers who develop gestational diabetes including those who give birth to babies weighing more than 4 kilograms are at a greater risk of developing the condition (Holford, 2011).