CDI Health care Associated Infection
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CDI
CDI is considered the most important health care associated infection due to its emergence in the community and caused by what they eat from both domestic and wild animals. This disease has increased which prompted research that led to new prevention and treatment regimens.
Objectives: Control Measures
According to Barbut and Petit (30) Isolation and treatment of CDI must be done with caution since a symptomatic carriage is usually observed in less than 3 % of adults who are healthy. The rate is much higher in patients with previous hospitalization. In addition, a high degree of suspicion of CDI should prompt thorough diagnosis and implementation of enteric precautions. Surveillance should also be instituted to detect outbreaks early.
Pathogenesis
90% of CDI infections occur after an antibiotic treatment, which disrupts the normal clonic flora allowing the infection from endogenous origins. If the strain is toxigenic then the toxins A and B are produced simultaneously in almost all cases, causing fluid secretion, inflammation and mucosal damage.
Treatment
The treatment of CDI depends on the patient’s severity. Discontinuing a patient from antibiotics may be effective, since in most CDI cases antibiotics are needed. New antibiotics such as Fidaxomicin should be used because it has the ability to inhibit the RNA synthesis, are equally effective to vancomycin in the treatment of active infections, hence reducing the rate of recurrence, and are considered for patient with the high-risk recurrence (Barbut and Petit 45).
CONCLUSION
CDI treatment is no longer recommended and more research is needed to determine more factors of CDI. A randomized place bo-controlled study carried out in 1992 to compare the effectiveness of antibiotics and control measures showed systematic facal excretion was not affected by metronionidazole. More recently, Juneau et al (5) suggested that previous asymptomatic colonization might act as a protective factor for CDI.